If youre tired of storing extra apps, just for the purposes of. Physical geology in our overview of the earth, we found out that earths internal heat combined with other mechanisms causes rocks to melt in the asthenosphere and lithosphere. Lecture notes 3 igneous rocks glendale community college. Rock behavior is more complex than ideal materials common method of testing rock behavior is the unconfined compression test 17 deformation response to stress. Notes on types and characteristics of rocks found on the earths crust. Sedimentary rock, rock formed at or near the earths surface by the accumulation and lithification of sediment or by the precipitation from solution at normal surface temperatures. Sedimentary rocks are one of the three main rock types page 2 of 12. Snake davis has played with some of the biggest names in contemporary music.
Paul andersen explains how rock is formed and changed on the planet. Mathscience nucleus 2001 1 sedimentary rocks teacher guide including lesson plans, student readers, and more information lesson 1 overview of sedimentary rocks lesson 2 classifying sedimentary rocks lesson 3 sand lab lesson 4 sedimentary rocks lab lesson 5 sandstones through time designed to be used as an electronic textbook. Igneous rocks formed of cooled lava or volcanic ejecta are common, but most molten material cools below. Clastic sedimentary rocks form from the consolidation of material such as gravel, sand, or clay sediment derived from the weathering and breakdown of rocks. Rocks change due to heat, weatheringerosion, and cooling, and pressure earth is like one big rock recycling machine. As the rivers rush to the sea, they pick up mud, sand and pebbles and carry them along. The rock cycle it is how earth changes one type of rock into another type of rock. Understand why geologists study sedimentary rocks 2. Write short notes on sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic.
In practice, this means that the average dimension of the crystals is less than 1 millimeter. Intrusive rocks become exposed on the earths surface when overlying material is eroded away. If your web browser has the proper plugin installed, clicking on the pdf will bring the file into your web browser from which you can then print the notes. When molten rock is thrown out by the eruptions of volcanoes it forms an extrusive igneous rock. Sedimentary rocks are formed when layers of rock pieces and eroded soil get squeezed together. Igneous rocks igneous rocks form by cooling and crystallization of molten rock molten material residing below earths surface is known as magma, whereas the same material at the surface is called lava. Others may be soft in the ground, but they harden once they spend time in the air. To access versions with cc, embedded quizzes, and s. Sedimentary rocks and their processes lakehead university. Summary notes on minerals, rocks, and resources mineral any naturally occurring, inorganic solid with distinct physical and chemical properties facts about minerals.
Granite is an example of an intrusive igneous rock. Depending on what theyre made of, sedimentary rocks fall into one of three types. The video begins with a brief description of rocks, minerals, and the rock cycle. Rocks and stones are hard solids of natural origin and made of minerals. Sedimentary rocks think about what do you think would settle to the bottom of a body of water faster, rocks or sand. Metamorphic rocks are divided in to two major groups foliated rocks and non foliated rocks. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
Whereas igneous rocks are born hot, sedimentary rocks are born cool at the earths surface, mostly under water. I keep a couple of them in my productivity folder on my iphone and ipad. Rotation of the planet has been slowed down to match its orbit around the sun. Under high temperature and pressure, the sediment becomes compacted. A mixture of minerals implies the presence of more than one mineral grain, but not necessarily more than one type of mineral. According to their conditions of formation, rocks are of three types. Underneath, write characteristics about sedimentary rocks. Sedimentary rocks and their processes the story behind the rock. Sedimentary rocks often have distinctive layering or bedding. This reader emphasizes how all igneous rocks are formed and explores how the formation is related to igneous rock classification. Write how they form and explain how sedimentary rocks form. If youve been using an iphone for a few years, you probably have tried a number of document scanner apps in your lifetime.
November 11mercury skipped the vast, glaring face of the sun. We established that igneous rocks do vary in both texture and composition, and that the two properties can be used to classify them. Sedimentary rocks are formed from preexisting rocks or pieces of onceliving organisms. Extrusive igneous rocks cool rapidly and form small crystals. Hes had a long collaboration with heather small of mpeople, toured the world with lisa stansfield, annie lennox and dave stewart and played with james brown, paul mccartney, george michael and tina turner to name but a few. Igneous rocks and processes revised on 102011 page 5 of 10 finegrained or aphanitic. Sedimentary rock notes sedimentary rocks are formed on the earths surface by the hydrologic system. Introduction rock is defined as a mixtures formed of aggregates of one or more minerals aggregate of minerals. Sedimentary rock measuring particle size in lithified rocks is difficult, tedious, and calls for different methods from those applied to loose sediments. This is a singularly unilluminating definition, because it doesnt conjure up in the mind of the uninitiated any of the great variety of interesting and significant geometries that get produced by the physical. Teacher guide including lesson plans, student readers, and. Chemical sedimentary rocks result from biological or chemical. Generalized stressstrain curve for rocks stressstrain relationships are generally not linear.
Geology study material for ias updated for 2019 to 2020. Rocks are made up of different combination of minerals. Plate tectonics is used to describe structure near plate boundaries. List primary biogenic sedimentary rocks learning objectives lo lecture 7. We will also see the uses of rocks and minerals in our lives.
They form from deposits that accumulate on the earths surface. On outside of booklet write sedimentary rock booklet and draw a picture. In the last lecture we looked at the nature and classification of igneous rocks. It takes millions of years for a rock to go through the rock cycle. Large rocks are broken down very gradually and the smaller pieces are transported by wind, water, and ice. This topic is split into 4 sections elementary plate tectonics weathering and rocks slope processes and development the human impact click on the link below to download a revision checklist for this topic rocks and weathering checklist the structure of the earth you. Identifying sedimentary rocks designed for the introductorylevel student in a physical geology class. Sedimentary rocks can be formed only where sediments are deposited long enough to become compacted and cemented into hard beds or strata. C1 rocks and magmas a rock is defined as a consolidated mixture of minerals. Sedimentary rocks think about clastic sedimentary rock. Rock cycle notes three types of rocks sedimentary igneous metamorphic sedimentary rocks sediment is produced through the process of weathering. The earths crust is composed of rocks and on the basis of mode of formation, rocks are classified into three major types igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks.
Hot spots and natural hazards like volcanos, earthquake, and tsunamis are included. Such material, called detritus, consists of fragments of rocks and minerals. Teacher notes if your students have completed the plate tectonic units on volcanoes, they should be familiar with different volcanic environments. Examples of metamorphic rocks are gnessoid, granite, syenite, slate, schist, marble, quartzite. How to use the document scanner on iphone and ipad imore. Can you explain how this rock ended up looking like this. Nelson sediment and sedimentary rocks sedimentary rocks rivers, oceans, winds, and rain runoff all have the ability to carry the particles washed off of eroding rocks. Some common rocks can be scratched with your fingernails such as shale, soapstone, gypsum rock, and peat.
It is a continuous process of transformation of old rocks into new ones. The pdf portable document format versions of the lecture notes are optimized for printing. An igneous rock or a part of an igneous rock with a finegrained or aphanitic texture has crystals, but they are too small to recognized with the unaided eye. Planet mercury facts, nearly tidally locked to the sun.
Sedimentary facies, physical, chemical, and biological aspects of a sedimentary bed and the lateral change within sequences of beds of the same geologic age. Many of the picturesque views of the desert southwest show mesas and arches made of layered sedimentary rock. Soft rock sedimentary rocks are composed of sediment, all solid particles derived by mechanical and chemical weathering as well as minerals precipitated from. Weathering and erosion notes key vocabulary weathering the process of breaking rock into smaller pieces chemical weathering the process of rocks changing when the substances of minerals actually change erosion the process of carrying away rocks and minerals deposition the process of laying down, or dropping, rocks and. Sedimentary rocks are formed when pieces of the earth get eroded broken down into tiny pieces by wind and water, and those pieces get pushed together on the grounds of water sources. Sedimentary rocks are the most common rocks exposed on the earths surface but are only a minor constituent of the entire crust. Particle size can be measured in thin sections using a systematic sampling method e.
1159 216 1090 248 154 1042 135 1306 68 378 1160 1515 89 430 64 433 1138 322 563 1028 1449 1486 744 1400 1459 1521 1178 168 324 1092 1233 977 570 1115 114 1053 1060 734 427 1403 1352 755 1208 1398 492 295 858 298